政府和艺术
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131. "The arts (painting, music, literature, etc.) reveal the otherwise hidden ideas and impulses of a society."
艺术(绘画、音乐、文学等等)揭示了那些隐藏的理念和社会的脉动。
While this assertion has merit, I think it unfairly generalizes about art. Consider two particular art forms: architecture and painting.
1. In more important architecture, one consistently sees a reflection of society’s ideas and urges.
2. However, in more important paintings of the most recent century one sees instead the artists’ personal and idiosyncratic vision of an aesthetic ideal.
艺术
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143. "Artists should pay little attention to their critics.* Criticism tends to undermine and constrain the artist's creativity."
*those who evaluate works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.
艺术家不必太在乎他们的批评者。批评总是在破坏和压制艺术家的创造力。
Although the critic can help us understand and appreciate art, more often than not, critique is either counterproductive to achieving the objective of art or altogether irrelevant to that objective.
1. To support the statement the speaker might point out the ostensible functions of the art critic.
2. The values of these functions are in especially suspect.
艺术家和批评者(类似题目为压力对学生的影响)
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144. "It is the artist, not the critic,* who gives society something of lasting value."
*a person who evaluates works of art, such as novels, films, music, paintings, etc.
艺术家而不是评论家带给了社会一些具有持久价值的东西。
*评论家指的是评价艺术作品的人，例如小说、电影、绘画等。
Artists and critics are supplement to each other.
1. It is the creative minds of artists that add hue to our quotidian life.
2. However, a constructive criticism could help artists promote their working level and tell people how to be a good connoisseur.
3. All of the greatest feats in history, which gave society something of lasting value, are those created by artists and evaluated by critics. Appropriate critical evaluation might entice the people’s attention towards those works.
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158. The arts (music, dance, visual arts, etc.) are vitally important to students' education and should therefore receive as much emphasis as mathematics, science, reading and other mainstream subjects."
艺术(音乐、舞蹈、视觉艺术等等)对与学生们的教育至关重要，因此应该和数学、自然科学等主流学科一样受到重视。
1. Arts will ignite the sparks of human minds, and will spur us to quarry the beauty of the nature.
2. On the other hand, mainstream subjects can help students to form critical logical mind that is crucial for making a disinterest decision.
3. It is an effective way to improve the learning efficiency by introducing the arts to the science and engineering students.
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190. "As long as people in a society are hungry or out of work or lack the basic skills needed to survive, the use of public resources to support the arts is inappropriate--and, perhaps, even cruel--when one considers all the potential uses of such money."
一旦人们陷于饥饿、失业或者缺乏谋生的基本技能，运用公共资源去扶持艺术是很不恰当的----并且甚至是残忍的----尤其明知这些资金所有可能的用途。
1. The implicit rationale behind the speaker’s statement seems to be that cultural enrichment pales in importance compared to food, clothing, and shelter.
2. It might also be tempting to agree with the speaker on the basis that arts patronage is neither an appropriate nor a necessary function of government.
3. On the other hand are compelling arguments that public support for the art is desirable, whether or not unemployment and hunger have been eliminated. One such argument is that by allocating public resources to the arts, we actually help
4. A second argument against the speaker’s position has to do with the function and ultimate objectives of art.
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