136. "The absence of choice is a circumstance that is very, very rare."
没有选择的情况少之又少。
Agree
1. Our collective life experience is that we make choices and decisions every day—on a continual basis. Common sense dictates that humans have free will, and therefore the true absence of choice is very rare.
2. People often claim that life’s circumstances leave them with “no choice”. The fundamental problem with these sorts of claim is that the claimants are only considering those choice that are not viable or attractive.
3. Besides, the contention that we are almost invariably free to choose is far more appealing from a socio-political standpoint than the opposite claim.
独立题目
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139. "Every new generation needs to redefine 'right' and 'wrong' in its own terms and according to the conditions of its own time."
每一代人都要根据自己时代的情况和自己的说法来重新定义对与错。
1. We should define some new items for better understanding of the development of techniques and enhancing the quality of our life.
2. However, rashness of redefining the terms may cause detrimental effects to our society. Such as the sex liberty in the U.S., which led to dramatic rise in juvenile delinquency.
3. Meanwhile, we should give no doubt to axioms.
时间
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146. "People who are the most deeply committed to an idea or policy are the most critical of it."
对于一种想法或者政策最忠实的人往往是那些对其最严厉的人。
Critical: Inclined to judge severely and find fault.
爱挑剔的倾向于进行严厉批判和找岔的
While I find this claim paradoxical on its face, the paradox is explainable, and the explanation is well supported empirically. Nevertheless, the claim is an unfair generalization in that it fails to account for other empirical evidence serving to discredit it.
A. Are commitment and criticism mutually exclusive? One possible explanation is that individuals most firmly committed to an idea or policy are often the same people who are most knowledgeable on the subject, and therefore are in the best position to understand and appreciate the problems with the idea or policy.
B. Lending credence to this explanation for the paradoxical nature of the speaker’s claim are the many historical cases of uneasy marriage between commitment to and criticism of the same idea or policy.
C. In the face of historical examples supporting the speaker’s claim are innumerable influential individuals who were zealously committed to certain ideas and policies but who were not critical of them, at least not outwardly.
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