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　　5 、"A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."

　　*国家课程和地方课程都需要

　　1、国家课程可以确保学生在学科学习水平上有统一标准和要求，为大学学习打好基础

　　language, mathematics, science, history, computer, form the same education background fundamental skills and knowledge, children grow up as informed and productive members of society.easier for college to build curriculua suitable for all freshmen

　　2、完全统一的国家课程在制定上有问题

　　谁来决定课程，regulators quirky notions of what should be taught provinces;communities;schools;parents 对教育的看法不同，不会完全同意国家课程

　　3、实施主要国家课程的同时还需要设置地方性课程，符合地方需求，keep local culture

　　business courses suitable for children live in metropolitan, unsuitable for those live in hinterland;

　　course on farming

　　local culture,language,tradition,arts learn literature, works related with local life easier to understand, to preserve local culture and language

　　4、 使学生获得起码的知识水平与思想比如统一学习国家的历史与文化，可以 can ensure all of our students be favored with the opportunity to learn all merits of the traditional values that have been created and tested for a long time by our ancestors比如学习数学，物理，化学这些学科，培养足够的逻辑思维和认知能力cognitive skill

　　B 有助于大学设置课程 provide a predictable foundation upon which college administrators and faculty could more easily build curricular and select course materials for freshmen， 如果学生素质差别太大，很难找到一个合适的起点。Q 保证教材的质量全国同一的教材可以请专家来编写，教材质量有保障，而一些地方可能没有条件来编教材

　　但是对于某些特殊民族和地区，统一的国家教材可能难以满足他们的需要，甚至可能破坏他们的传统习俗和生活方式On the first place, in some special regions where local persons may possess some kind of traditions and customs totally different from the rest of th e nation, unduly emphasize the application of the national curriculum may ruin their culture and value system.)。还有一些少数民族地区可以开必要的语言课程以及了解自己民族发展历史的课程。比如艺术学校的学生，就需要学习艺术类相关课程而重点不在科学知识上 传输教条 facilitate the dissemination of propaganda and other dogma—which because of its biased and one-sided nature undermines the very purpose of true education: to enlighten. Might wish to suppress – as some sort of threat to its authority and power. 比如国家间意识形态不同，各自通过统一的课程来攻击，贬低彼此，不利于培养思想完善的人

　　5、 "A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they enter college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic courses to offer."

　　【翻译】 一个国家应该要求所有的学生在进入大学之前都学习由国家统一制定的课程，而不是允许由国家不同地区的学校去决定课程的安排国家统一和地区单独安排课程

　　【提纲】：不完全赞同

　　1 为了保证在大学入学考试时的公平性，以及培养一个人生存所必备的能力，国家需要制定统一的必修课【比如数学培养logic ability in order to form rigorous thought; history makes people get a general view of a nation•••】

　　2 考虑到一些特殊情况，地区可以根据需要开设一些有自己特色的课;(例子，比如艺术院校的学生，除了学习国家规定的课程外，还必须学一些专业方面的知识;还有一些少数民族地区可以开必要的语言课程以及了解自己民族发展历史的课程;还有就是为特殊学生开设特殊的课程，包括 handicapped one and generous one【这点不晓得有没有偏题】)

　　3 以统一课程为主，地方辅以需要的地方课。

　　6、 国家统一课程

　　一、有一定好处，但是地方学校同样可以做到，而且让国家来决定教育的内容有问题，但是在偏远地区还是应该让国家资助

　　二、国家统一的好处 It is true that uniform courses ha ve some merits with three aspects

　　a.基础技能 b. 国家政治、地理等课程能更好把握整体，编写教材 c. 一个社会的成员需要共同的背景

　　三、国家统一课程的优点地方学校也可以做到 However, the regional schools can also provide core courses as same as the national curriculum, and even provide some special co urses that combine with regional characteristics

　　a. 为了吸引学生，要把家长和学生看重的加入课程

　　b.而且有地方特色的课程，比如 local culture

　　c.使得学校多样化，家长和学生的选择增加

　　四.不能把课程的决定交给官僚 it's ill-conceived to delegate decisions about education to a few bureaucrats.

　　1.所有人都变成一样

　　2. 选择变少，控制思想，降低创造力

　　3.教育保持多样化

　　五、但是在边远山区，没有钱自己编写课程，国家还是要资助，不得已用国家提供的教材、老师

　　5T"A nation should require all its students to study the same national curriculum until they ente college rather than allow schools in different parts of the nation to determine which academic course to offer."

　　7、一个国家应该要求所有的学生在上大学前都学习相同的课程，而不应该允许不同地区的学校擅自决定自己的教学领域。

　　① 高质量：A 向学生们灌输相同的价值观能够确保所有的学生都学到传统价值观念中的优点 can ensure all of our students be favored with the opportunity to learn all merits of the traditional values that have been created and tested for a long time by our ancestors B 著名专家编撰，local 可能不具备能力或实力

　　② 公平：A 使得他们能够站在相同的起跑线上scratch line 。B with the same national curriculum, it is convenient for educationist of different parts of the nation to scientifically arrange and prepare the classes of the curriculum.

　　③ A nation rather than the schools in different parts of the nation determine the national curriculum for the students, however, it does not mean that the local schools have no freedom to choose any course for local students. 但是对于某些特殊民族和地区，统一的国家教材可能难以满足他们的需要，甚至可能破坏他们的传统习俗和生活方式 pose certain amount of detrimental effects. On the first place, in some special regions where local persons may posse ss some kind of traditions and customs totally different from the rest of the na tion, unduly emphasize the application of the national curriculum may ruin their culture and value system. 。如：中国宣传无神论antitheism, 但伊斯兰教徒信仰安拉Moslem believe in Allah

　　④ 传输教条 facilitate the dissemination of propaganda an d other dogma—which because of its biased and one-sided nature undermines the very purpose of true educatio n: to enlighten. Might wish to suppress – as some sort of threat to its authority and power.

　　⑤ 对学生个人而言，可能不能因材施教 teach students in accordance of their aptitude

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