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　　1 、"We can usually learn much more from people whose views we share than from people whose views contradict our own; disagreement can cause stress and inhibit learning."

　　*部分同意

　　意见相同的人有共同关心的问题，容易交流，可以学到

　　In addition, their views reveal the importance and the core of our work and their positive suggestions could provide us a more insightful understanding of the topic and more thoughts for further work. However, all the help described above can only promise our success in completeness of our own ideas about the topic. Breakthrough will be hardly achieved because it requires a distinct vision never created before to lead people. Without different opinions, it is difficult to jump out from our own myopic thinking.

　　* 我们通常从和我们意见统一的人那里学到的东西比从和我们意见相悖的人那里学到的东西多的多;意见分歧阻碍了学习。

　　① 与意见相同的人效率高。大家基本观点一致，气氛比较和谐，还可能是受的教育相同。如：有时遇到一个问题，会倾向于和自己有相同观点的人讨论，和其他人根本谈不来。

　　② 承认有时与意见相背的人讨论时降低效率的。A 有时根本立场就不一样，根本无法达成一致。B 有时纯粹就是争论而忘了初始的目的。

　　③ 和意见相背的人在一起还有可能难以提高A 一方面可能压力较大而不说出意见 B 可能难以接受自己的意见被驳斥is little harder or even bitte r to accept opposite views

　　④ 但是也能从意见相背的人那里学到很多。和同样的人在一起，有相同的思考方法和论点，无法获得进步。而意见相背的人，可以 A 提供新的思路 如：不同学科的学生可能倾向于使用不同的分析方法 B 给出我们所不了解的实证经验，如：文化传统或立场不同而对一件事情有着不同的看法。

　　Although we can learn knowledge from people whose views we share, the knowledge is limited, since the sphere of knowledge of the people who share the same opinion ar e confined to the same level of cognition with us.

　　It will be quite different if we communicate with people whose views contradict to ours. Admittedly that, it is little harder or even bitte r to accept opposite views for us due to our self-assertion is impaired caused by other’s challenge.

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(编辑：马荟)